Improvement in molds for casting



2 Sheets-- Sheet 1.

J. R.'DAV|ES. Improvement in Molds for-Casting. N0. 131,214, PatentedSep.10,1872

2Sheetsr-Sheec 2. J. R. DAVIES. lmprovementin Molds for Casting].

Patented"Sep.I0,1872.

UNITED STATES JOHN It. DAVIES, OF

RAcINE,n-*IsooNsIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN MOLDS FOR CASTING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 131,214, datedSeptember 10, 1872.

SPECIFICATION- To all whom it may concern:

Be-it known that I, JOHN R. DAVIES, of Racine, in the county of Racineand State of Wisconsin, have invented certain Improvements in Molds forCastings, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawing:

My invention has for its object the production of castings in a morespeedy and cheap manner than by the ordinary methods; and, to this end,it consists mainly in constructing the molds in sections and arrangingthem in such a manner that they can be opened and closed by mechanicalmeans.

Figure 1 is a top-plan view of a set of my improved molds closed, readyfor use. Fig; 2 is a view of a portion of a set of the molds opened.Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a section of a mold detached. Figs. 4,5, 6, and 7 are views of portions shown in detail.

In carrying out my invention I provide a base-plate, A, upon which themolds are placed, as shown in Figs. land 6, when the mold is of such anature or construction that it can be best located above the base-plate.In some cases, however, it may be necessary or more convenient to locatethe mold in such a manner that a portion of it shall project below thebase-plate, as represented in Fig. 4, in which case the lower part c ofthe mold may be cast with or attached to the base-plate, the plate beingprovided with trunnions B, as represented in Figs. 1 and 6, forsupporting it in any suitableirame, and also for turning it over, whenrequired. The molds, or that portion of them which is above thebase-plate, I make in sections, they being divided vertically into threeor more parts, one of which is shown detached in Fig. 3. Each of thesesections has a slotted arm, a, projecting radially from its outside, andupon the base-plate, at the proper point, is secured a projection, l, asshown in Figs. 1 and 2, this projection fitting into the slot or groovein the arm 0 so as to serve as a guide for the section a of the moldwhen the latter is moved on the base-plate, there being, of course, oneof these guides for each section of the mold, and they'being arrangedradially around the center of the mold, as shown clearly in the upperright-hand corner of Fig. 1, so that as the sections are moved towardthe center they will be brought together, and as they are moved backthey will separate, thus opening the mold, as represented in plan inFig. 2.

The molds thus constructed I propose to arrange in nests or sets, moreor less in number, Fig. 1 representing a set of four. In the center,between the molds composing the set, I pivot a disk, I, from the centerof which a rod, I, extends upward, terminating a little above the top ofthe molds. (See Fig. 6.) This disk I is provided with a series of curvedslots arranged eccentrically, as shown in Fig. 1, in which pins on thearms a of the inner sections a work, so that by turning the disk I thesesections are moved in or out. To operate the other sections of the molda plate, I), is pivoted upon the base-plate directly in their rear, andthese plates 7) are also provided with a similar eccentric slot, inwhich the pin of their arms 6 engages; so that, by turning these plates12 on their pivots 0, they will move the corresponding sections of themold. In order to operate these simultaneously with the other section Iconnect the plates 1) to the disk I by means of a rod, n, which ispivoted to a slide, f, working on a guide, g, this slide f being in turnconnected by a second rod, h, to the disk I, so that, when the centralrod P is turned'in one direction, all the sections a of all the moldswill be moved outward, thus opening them all. at once, and when turnedin the op posite direction they will all be closed simultaneously.

It is obvious that other mechanical means may be substituted for thedevices above described, for opening and closing the molds, the onlyrequisite being that they shall have imparted to them the motionsdescribed. The joints between the sections a may be plain ones, or theymay be made V-shaped, so as to look into each other when closed, asrepresented in Fig. 1.

For the purpose of a continuous operation the molds are to be lined withsuitable compositions, composed of fire-clay and plumbago, or anysimilar material that will. answer thepurpose. The lining is applied asfollows: The mold being in place, the pattern is inserted, and thelining applied in a plastic condition. The mold is then closed, therebypressing upon the interior surface of the lining the exact form of thepattern, care being taken to have the space between the pattern and thebody of the mold perfectly filled and to prevent the lining in thedifferent sections from being united, thin strips of steel, ground to anedge, are inserted between the sections.

' wise. The body of the molds I ordinarily make of cast-iron; but whenit is desired to cast steel in them, they are to be made of copper, forthe reason that it will retain heat longer than those made of iron. Whendried, the lining is to be coated with some substance that will impartto their interior a smooth surface. For this purpose a composition offishoil, resin, and lamp-black, heated and mixed, may be used, it beingapplied with .a brush; or, fish-oil, pluinbago, and pulverized charcoalmay be used; or they may be coated with soot by burning pitch under themand letting the smoke enter them.

It is, of course, obvious that the molds must bevaried in form tocorrespond with the articles to be made and in cases where the mold issmall and light it may be corrugated, or cast with ribs to strengthenit, and keep it from warping or springing out of shape 5 and in allcases they should be perforated to permit the gas or steam to escape,especially when the molds are filled with sand instead of the permanentlining, as it is obvious this style of molds may be used with sand also.

In some cases it may be necessary to arrange sectional molds on bothsides of thebaseplate; and it is obvious that they may be so arranged,and both sets be operated, as above described, by duplicating theoperating mechanism.

in the present case I have represented the molds constructed for castingthe thimbleskeins and, boxes now so generally used on wagons. In Fig. atis shown a mold for casting the skein O. In this case the lower part 0of the mold projects below the base-plate, the latter being at the pointwhere the shoulder is formed on the skein, while in the bottom of themold is a hole to receive and hold in position the lower end of the coreH, which is shown detached in Fig. 5. The mold for casting the box N isrepresented in Fig. 6. In this case the mold B is all located above thebase-plate, the core G-ShOWIl detached in Fig. 7 -protruding through thebaseplate, and resting on the under plate E, which is arranged to bedetached as soon as the metal is poured, so as to let the core fall out.As these devices form the subject of a separate application, they neednotbe further described, they being referred to here merely for thepurpose of illustrating my invention more fully. A top plate, T, Fig. 6,is provided with flanges or lugs on its under side to fit over the moldsand clamp the sections firmly together when the metal is to be poured,this plate T having a hole at its center, through which the center rodprojects, witha key, S, or similar means for fastening the plate down.This top plate,

instead of having the flanges or lugs mentioned, may have holes cutthrough it to fit over the upper end of the molds, as represented indotted lines in Fig. 6, by which means it will serve the same purpose;the upper end or body of the mold being made tapering, so that when theplate is crowded down it will force the sections together and hold themsnug and tight.

By this method of constructing and operating molds the process ofcasting is rendered continuous, the same mold being used repeatedlywithout change; and thus a few sets of such molds will keep a cupolaemployed all the time.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A mold forcasting metals, composed of three or more sections, arranged to open andclose, substantially as described, whereby all strips or similar devicesfor packing the joints are dispensed with, and ,the mold adapted forrepeated and continuous use, as set forth.

2. The metallic base plate A, having one or more sectional molds, B,with the mechanism for opening and closing the same arranged thereon,substantially as described.

3. The combination, of a cluster or series of sectional molds, with anoperating mechanism, substantially such as described, whereby all themolds composing the cluster or series can be opened or closedsimultaneously, substantially as set forth.

4:. The base-plate A, provided with trunnions R, as and for the purposeset forth.

5. The combination of the mold B, base plate A, and the detachable plateE, arranged and operated as set forth.

6. The clamping or top plate T, in combination with the molds B and baseplate A, all arranged to operate as set forth.

JNO. It. DAVIES.

WVitnesses:

J. MOKENNEY, W. 0. DODGE.

